Bootloader
Bootloader是嵌入式系统在加电后执行的第一段代码，在它完成CPU和相关硬件的初始化之后，再将操作系统映像或固化的嵌入式应用程序装在到内存中然后跳转到操作系统所在的空间，启动操作系统运行。（百度百科）
A boot loader is a computer program that loads an operating system or some other system software for the computer after completion of the power-on self-tests; it is the loader for the operating system itself. Within the hard reboot process, it runs after completion of the self-tests, then loads and runs the software. A boot loader is loaded into main memory from persistent memory, such as a hard disk drive or, in some older computers, from a medium such as punched cards, punched tape, or magnetic tape. The boot loader then loads and executes the processes that finalize the boot. Like POST processes, the boot loader code comes from a "hard-wired" and persistent location; if that location is too limited for some reason, that primary boot loader calls a second-stage boot loader or a secondary program loader.（wikipedia）
Second-stage boot loaders, such as GNU GRUB, BOOTMGR, Syslinux, NTLDR or BootX, are not themselves operating systems, but are able to load an operating system properly and transfer execution to it; the operating system subsequently initializes itself and may load extra device drivers. The second-stage boot loader does not need drivers for its own operation, but may instead use generic storage access methods provided by system firmware such as the BIOS or Open Firmware, though typically with restricted hardware functionality and lower performance.（wikipedia）
1、UBoot
U-Boot是由开源项目PPCBoot发展起来的，ARMboot并入了PPCBoot，和其他一些arch的Loader合称U-Boot。2002年12月17日第一个版本U-Boot-0.2.0发布，同时PPCBoot和ARMboot停止维护。
2、Redboot
Redboot是Redhat公司随eCos发布的一个BOOT方案，是一个开源项目。
3、Blob Blob(Boot Loader Object)
由Jan-Derk Bakker and Erik Mouw发布的，是专门为StrongARM 构架下的LART设计的Boot Loader。